DVOS 2025 Auction Catalog FINAL
September 20th, 2025
The Auction
Our auction is coming up Saturday September 20 at 10:00 AM.
Pleasant Hill Park
147 Gregory Ln
Pleasant Hill, CA 94523
Area #3 (just north of the parking lot in the southeast corner of the park)
- Check in will start at 8:30 AM. GET THERE EARLY!
- Auction will start at 10:00 AM
- Cash, Check, Zelle, Paypal and Credit Cards accepted
IF YOU CANNOT BE PRESENT IN PERSON BUT WOULD LIKE TO BID on items in the catalog, we have appointed Pat Bacchetti to act as proxy and bidder for you. Please contact her at bacpab30@gmail.com no later than September 17 for details.
001 Cattleya purpurata v. carnea
This is a division of a plant that I got from California Orchids in 2022. The mother plant bloomed mid-July 2025 and was divided in late July.
- Native to Brazil
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Dappled light to bright indirect light.
- Water often especially when actively growing but allow to dry out between waterings.
- Blooms summer.
- 8" pot.
- ORSV/CyMV negative July 2025.
- Donor Diane Bond
The plant on auction
Mother plant, bloomed 2025
002 Dendrobium Berry 'Oda' AM/AOS
Dendrobium Berry is a hybrid of Dendrobium kingianum x Dendrobium Mini Pearl. Its species ancestors are:
Dendrobium kingianum 50%
Dendrobium canacliculatum 25%
Dendrobium bigiggum 25%
- Grow in cool to hot temperatures (58-85°F at night).
- Dappled light to bright indirect light.
- Water often especially when actively growing but allow to dry out between waterings. Reduce watering and feeding in cooler months.
- The pot should be small for the plant
- Blooms late winter.
- 8" pot.
- ORSV/CyMV negative August 2024.
- Donor Diane Bond
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
003 Miltassia Charles M Fitch ‘Izumi’ AM/AOS
Miltassia Charles M Fitch is a primary hybrid of Brassia verrucosa x Miltonia spectablilis
- IN SPIKE
- Divided May 2025
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Shaded to dappled light.
- Water often especially when actively growing.
- Blooms spring to summer.
- Donor Lynne Murrell
Mother Plant November 2023
The plant for auction
004 Cattleya warneri coerulea ‘Carolina’ x ‘Rasch’
- Species native to Brazil
- Divided July 2025
- 4 pseudobulbs and 2 new growths
- Grow in warm temperatures (66-75°F at night).
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light.
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms in summer.
- Donor Lynne Murrell
Mother plant blooms June 2025
The plant for auction
005 Laelia anceps ('Disciplinata' x 'Gigas Flair')
- Unbloomed seedling. (25% of these seedlings should have feathered petals).
- 4" plastic pot
- Species native to Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night). Laelia anceps can grow outdoors in the bay area when acclimatized. Protect from frost and rain in the winter.
- Grow in bright indirect light.
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms in late winter/ spring.
- Donor Ken Jacobsen
Laelia anceps 'Disciplinata'
(one parent)
Laelia anceps 'Gigas Flair'
(one parent)
The plant for auction
006 Cattleya walkeriana 'Estrela Da Colina' HCC/AOS
- Species native to Brazil
- 3" plastic pot
- Grow in warm temperatures (66-75°F at night).
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light.
- Water often when actively growing. Do not allow to remain dry for extended periods.
- Blooms fall through late spring
- Donor Ken Jacobsen
Example, Not this plant
The plant for auction
007 Laelia gouldiana '#1'
- Species native to Mexico
- 4" plastic pot.
- IN SPIKE
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Grow in bright indirect light.
- Water regularly while actively growing but allow to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in the fall after new growths have matured.
- Donor Ken Jacobsen
Parent plant
For reference only
NOT plant for auction
The plant for auction
008 Laelia Santa Barbara Sunset 'Showtime' HCC/AOS (2N)
- 4" plastic pot
- Two new growths. This plant grows like a weed!
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night). Laelia anceps can grow outdoors in the bay area when acclimatized. Protect from frost and rain in the winter.
- Grow in bright indirect light.
- Water often when actively growing but allow to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms in late winter/ spring.
- Donor Ken Jacobsen
The parent plant
The plant for auction
009 Laelia anceps ('Rodrigo' x self)
- 5" plastic pot
- IN SPIKE. Another new growth.
- Species native to Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night). Laelia anceps can grow outdoors in the bay area when acclimatized. Protect from frost and rain in the winter.
- Grow in bright indirect light.
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms in late winter/ spring.
- Donor Ken Jacobsen
Parent plan
The plant for auction
010 Masdevallia Pangueña
- Primary hybrid of Masdevallia peristeria and Masdevallia uniflora.
- 3" plastic pot. Divided July 27, 2025.
- Blooming. This plant blooms most of the time.
- Grow in cold to warm temperatures (50-75°F at night).
- Grow in shaded to dappled light.
- Water just as medium starts to dry out. Use high quality water.
- Blooms almost all year round.
- Donor Diane Bond
011 Dendrobium farmeri
- Species native to Nepal, Bhutan, northeast India, Burma, Thailand, Laos and Malaya.
- 5" clay pot. Divided July 27, 2025.
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Grow in dappled light.
- Keep moist while actively growing but gradually reduce water after new growths mature in autumn.
- Blooms in spring.
- ORSV/CyMV negative July 2025
- Donor Diane Bond
Example of bloom. Not the plant for auction.
The plant for auction
012 Monstera deliciosa
widely grown in temperate zones as a houseplant . Although the plant contains insoluble calcium oxalate crystals, which cause a needlelike sensation when touched, the ripe fruit is edible.
The specific epithet deliciosa means "delicious", referring to the edible fruit. The genus Monstera is named from the Latin word for "monstrous" or "abnormal" and refers to the unusual leaves with natural holes that members of the genus have.
The fruit of Monstera deliciosa is up to 10” long and 2” in diameter, and it looks like a green ear of maize covered with hexagonal scales. As the fruit ripens, these scales or platelets fall off the fruit, releasing a strong and sweet scent. The smell has been compared to a combination of pineapples
and bananas. The fruit is edible and safe for humans.
Monstera deliciosa is commonly grown outdoors as an ornamental plant in the tropics and subtropics. The plant requires a lot of space and a rich and loose soil (ideally garden soil and compost in equal parts). If it grows in the ground, it is better to plant it near a tree, where it can climb, if not against a trellis. It is a "moderately greedy plant" in that it needs to be watered just to keep the soil slightly moist. Its hardiness is 11 (that is to say the coldest at −1 °C or 30 °F). It cannot withstand these temperatures for more than a few hours, but it can live outside in certain temperate regions. A steady minimum temperature of at least 55–59 °F is preferable, allowing continuous growth. Growth ceases below 10 °C (50 °F) and it is killed by frost. It needs very bright exposure, but not full sun.
- 5 gallon pot, 28 inches tall.
- Divided spring 2025.
- Grown outdoor in Walnut Creek, partial sun.
- Fruit is delicious.
- Donor Sonya Provaznik
The plant
The fruit
013 Monstera deliciosa
widely grown in temperate zones as a houseplant . Although the plant contains insoluble calcium oxalate crystals, which cause a needlelike sensation when touched, the ripe fruit is edible.
The specific epithet deliciosa means "delicious", referring to the edible fruit. The genus Monstera is named from the Latin word for "monstrous" or "abnormal" and refers to the unusual leaves with natural holes that members of the genus have.
The fruit of Monstera deliciosa is up to 10” long and 2” in diameter, and it looks like a green ear of maize covered with hexagonal scales. As the fruit ripens, these scales or platelets fall off the fruit, releasing a strong and sweet scent. The smell has been compared to a combination of pineapples
and bananas. The fruit is edible and safe for humans.
Monstera deliciosa is commonly grown outdoors as an ornamental plant in the tropics and subtropics. The plant requires a lot of space and a rich and loose soil (ideally garden soil and compost in equal parts). If it grows in the ground, it is better to plant it near a tree, where it can climb, if not against a trellis. It is a "moderately greedy plant" in that it needs to be watered just to keep the soil slightly moist. Its hardiness is 11 (that is to say the coldest at −1 °C or 30 °F). It cannot withstand these temperatures for more than a few hours, but it can live outside in certain temperate regions. A steady minimum temperature of at least 55–59 °F is preferable, allowing continuous growth. Growth ceases below 10 °C (50 °F) and it is killed by frost. It needs very bright exposure, but not full sun.
- 5 gallon pot, 36 inches tall.
- Divided spring 2025.
- Grown outdoor in Walnut Creek, partial sun.
- Fruit is delicious.
- Donor: Sonya Provaznik
The plant
The fruit
014 Epidendrum 'Pinky SBOE'
-
Reed stem Epidendrums are native to central America and the northern part of South America. This hybrid produces umbels of small light pink flowers.
The name is as it is written on the tag from Top Hat Nursery. SBOE stands for Santa Barbara Orchid Estate.
This plant has been growing outside under 75% shade cloth in Vallejo. It has been kept moist but not soggy in summer, and drier in winter.
IN SPIKE. Plant is 16” tall, spike is 14”.
Divided May 2023 into 4” pot.
- Donor: Miki Ichiyanagi
015 Oncidium lehmannii (syn. Odontoglossum lehmannii)
-
This species is native to Columbia and Ecuador. It is found in wet, mid- to high- elevation cloud forests (7850 - 10,500 ft above sea level).
- It has been growing in a greenhouse (temp minimum mid 30s, maximum mid 90s) where it receives bright indirect light and is kept moist.
-
The arching spikes carry many long-lasting flowers that are said to be fragrant.
-
Divided April 2025 into 4” pot.
Donor: Miki Ichiyanagi
016 Cleisostoma arietinum
-
This species is native to northeast India, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Malaya.
- Prefers warm temperatures with lots of water and bright indirect light. This “bonsai” has been fun and easy to grow but probably wants more humidity than I can give it.
-
Some previous insect damage. Mineral deposits come off by occasionally wiping the leaves with diluted vinegar water.
- Mounted on cork, plant is 8” long x 5.5” wide.
-
Reserve Price: $50
- Donor: Miki Ichiyanagi
017 Orchids Magazine- Frank Fordyce Signature
-
DVOS COLLECTORS ITEM
Orchids magazine October 2009 featuring: A Hybridizers History. My Passion, Progress and Perserverance.
SIGNED BY FRANK FORDYCE
-
Reserve Price: $50
Donor: Renate Johnson
018 Brassocatanthe Empress Worsley 'Roman Holiday' HCC/AOS
-
Hybrid of Brassanthe Bill Worsley and Cattleya Red Empress.
This plant should like bright indirect light but might tolerate dappled light. Grow cool to warm but it might tolerate hot temperatures (58-75, perhaps 85°F at night).
Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
Renate says: I grow them in an intermediate to warm to hotter than **** greenhouse.
Donor: Renate Johnson
019 Laelia superbiens alba (syn Schomburgkia superbiens alba)
Species native to Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Necaragua. Plants grow on trees in relatively humid foreset of pine or disidous oak. Elevations 4600-5250 ft above sea level.
Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75, perhaps 85°F at night).
Plants like to be watered heavily and often when actively growing but must dry rapidly afterwords. Greatly reduce water after new growths mature in autumn.
Renate says: I grow them in an intermediate to warm to hotter than **** greenhouse.
Blooms summer/early autumn.
Donor: Renate Johnson
For reference only
This is not the plant for auction
The plant for auction
020 Jackfowlieara (syn. Iwanagara) Appleblossom ' Mendenhal'
-
Hybrid of Caulaelia Snowflake and Laelia albida
This plant should like dappled to bright indirect light. Grow cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
Renate says: I grow them in an intermediate to warm to hotter than **** greenhouse.
Donor: Renate Johnson
For reference only
NOT the plant on auction
021 Paphiopedilum Saint Swithin
-
Hybrid of Paphiopedilum rothschildianum "Alan's Choice' x Paphiopedilum philippinense 'JEM' AM/AOS
This plant should like dappled light. Grow warm to hot temperatures (66-85°F at night). But this plant is growing at Paph Paradise greenhouses in Lincoln. It can tolerate cooler night temperatures.
Do not allow plant to dry out between waterings.
ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Dave Sorokowsky
Photo for reference NOT this plant
Photo Paph Paradise
The plant for auction
022 Dracuvallia hybrid
-
Hybrid of Dracula vampira and Masdevallia triangularis
This plant should like shaded light. Grow cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
Water just as media starts to dry. Sensitive to water quality.
ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Tyler Albrecht
For reference only
Example of parents
The plant for auction
023 Cattleya loddigesii aquinii 'Alvaro Pereira' x self
-
Seedling of a selfing of a beautiful Cattleya lodigesii aquinii
Species native to Brazil at elevations between 2000-3000 ft above sea level.
This plant should like dappled light. Grow cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
Water frequently while actively growing but allow to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in autumn after new growth matures.
ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Tyler Albrecht
For reference only NOT the plant for auction
Cattleya loddigesii aquinii 'Alvaro Pereira' x self
The plant on auction
024 Masdevallia glandulosa
-
Masdevallia species native to high elevation cloudforests in Peru and Ecuador.
This plant like shaded light and cool temperatures (58-66°F at night).
Keep plant evenly moist most of the year but reduce water somewhat in late autumn.
Blooms winter.
ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Tyler Albrecht
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
025 Dendrobium victoria-reginae
-
Dendrobium species native to high elevation cloudforests in the Philippines.
This plant like shaded to dappled light and cool temperatures (58-66°F at night).
Water frequently while actively growing but don't let them get soggy. Reduce water in autumn after new growth matures.
This plant can bloom any time and often more than once a year.
ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Tyler Albrecht
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
026 Paphiopedilum unnamed hybrid
Paphiopedilum Chou-Yi Rubyweb '2020' x Paphiopedilum Hsinying Macasar '#1'
Un named mottled-leaved hybrid
Dark burgundy tones
Grow in intermediate to warm temperatures (60-72°F at night, 75-85°F days).
Dappled light 2-3 hrs shaded sunlight a day
Water consistently to keep medium moist but not soggy.
3" pot.
- Donor: Henry Shaw
For reference only
This is a sibling seedling
Not the plant at auction
For reference only
This is a sibling seedling
Not the plant at auction
027 Phragmipedium Paul Eugene Conroy '4 Wise Men'
-
Beautiful primary hybrid of Phragmipedium warszewiczianum and Phragmipedium longifolium.
This plant like dappled light and cold to warm temperatures (50-75°F at night).
DO NOT allow plant to dry out between waterings.
This plant blooms late spring/early summer.
ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Tyler Albrecht
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
028 Miltonia Guanabara x Cyrtochilum edwardii
-
Hybrid of two Oncidium Alliance members.
This plant like shaded to dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
Water heavily but roots must be able to dry out quickly.
ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Tyler Albrecht
Miltonia Guanabara
(one parent)
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Cyrtochilum edwardii
(one parent)
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
029 Angraecum eburneum
-
Species native to the Mascarene and Seychelle Islands.
This plant like dappled light and warm to hot temperatures (66-85°F at night).
Water heavily but roots must be able to dry out quickly. Never allow medium to become stale or soggy.
Blooms late fall/winter
ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Tyler Albrecht
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
030 Rhyncholaeliocattleya hybrid
-
This is a hybrid purchased from Sunset Valley Orchids. The label says Pot. Rubescent Magic 'SVO' x Pot. Paradise Rose 'Hawaii. Now, both of those parents are red/dark pink. They both have yellow and orange parents in their background but I think an easier answer is that this plant got the wrong tag.
Regardless of the name, the plant is currently in bloom with two growths in early sheath following.
This plant like bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
This plant MUST dry out between waterings.
Blooms multiple times a year
ORSV/CyMV negative January 2025
Donor: Diane Bond
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
031 Concannon 2022 Cabernet Sauvignon-Petit Verdot
Donor: Maggie Woo
032 Maxillaria tenuifolia 'Pacific Gold'
Know as the coconut orchid because the blooms smell like coconut.
-
Beautiful species native to Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador and Nicaragua. They are found at lower elevations near sea level to 3300 ft.
This plant like bright indirect to diffused light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
Keep plant moist while actively growing drying only slightly between waterings. Gradually reduce water in autumn through early winter.
Blooms late spring/early summer.
3" plastic pot.
Liz says:
Beautiful lark gold flowers, richer color than 'Yamada'
Easy Peasy
"If you can't grow this, you can't grow dirt!"- Frank Fordyce
Donor: Liz Charlton
Mother plant
The plant for auction
033 Rhyncholaeliocattleya Pamela Hetherington 'Coronation' FCC/AOS
Beautiful award winning hybrid of Cattleya Paradiso and Rhyncholaeliocattleya Mount Anderson, originated in 1970 by Stewart Orchids.
This plant like bright indirect light and warm temperatures (66-75°F at night). It may tolerate cool and hot night temperatures (58-85°F at night).
This plant MUST dry out between waterings.
3.5" plastic pot. Strong lead with thirsty roots.
Donor: Liz Charlton
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
034 Trichopilia Charles
Primary hybrid of Trichopilia suavis and Trichopilia marginata.
Member of the subtribe Maxillaria
This plant like bright shaded to dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
Water often while actively growing but it must have excellent drainage. Reduce water in late autumn or early winter as new growths mature.
Division of a Santa Barbara Orchid Estates plant in a 3" pot wth two new leads.
Mother plant is a reliable bloomer.
Donor: Liz Charlton
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
035 Phragmipedium Calurum var. roseum
- Big beutiuful hybrid of Phragmidpedium longifolium and Phragmipedium Sedenii.
- Large plant growing in semi-hydroponic medium.
- Blooms yearly, sometimes twice a year.
This plant likes dappled light and warm temperatures (66-75°F at night). It may tolerate cool to warm conditions (58-75°F at night).
DO NOT allo plant to dry between watering.
Commonly grown indoors.
Donor: Liz Charlton.
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
036 Laelia anceps 'Sanbar Crystal'
- Species native to Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night). Laelia anceps can grow outdoors in the bay area when acclimatized. Protect from frost and rain in the winter.
- Grow in bright indirect light.
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms in late winter/ spring.
- ORSV/CyMV negative 2023
- Mounted
- One new lead
- Blooms in late winter/ spring.
- Blooms yearly
- White with purple lines in the throat
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
037 Paphiopedilum gratrixianum
- Species native to Laos and Vietnam. Found in wet evergreen cloud forest at about 3300 ft above sea level.
- Grow in shaded to dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water often when actively growing but always allow to dry out slightly between waterings. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms fall through late winter.
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
038 Coelogyne tomentosa
- Pendulouse species know as the Hairy Coelogyne or Necklace Orchid.
- Species native to western Java, Thailand and the mountains of Malaya at elevations above 4600 ft above sea level.
- Grow in shaded to dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water often when actively growing but always allow to dry out slightly between waterings. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- This plant can bloom any time of the year.
- Pat says this grow in her greenhouse in Oakland and blooms yearly.
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
039 Angranthes Jade Dragon
- Hybrid of Aeranthes caudata 'Green Dragon' and Angraecum vigueri 'Big Scoop'
- Species parents are both native to Madagascar and depend on high humdiity and moderate temperature.
- Grow in shaded to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water often when actively growing but always allow to dry out slightly between waterings. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms spring through late summer
- Pat feels this plant needs warmer temperatures than she can give it.
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
Aeranthes caudata
(one parent) For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Angraecum viguieri
(one parent) For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
040 Cattlianthe Allies Dance '#3'
- Hybrid of Cattlianthe Tap Dancer and Cattleya alaorii. Registered in 2014 by Ron Midgett
- Hybrid from Mitch Schneider of New Earth Orchids. UNBLOOMED.
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Blooms spring through late summer
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
041 Rhyncholaeliocattleya unregistered hybrid
- Hybrid of Rhyncholaeliocattleya Mariah Crawford's Merriment and Rhyncholaeliocattleya Sachiko Tsugawa (2009 Atasuka Orchids).
- IN SHEATH
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and warm to hot temperatures (66-85°F at night). It might tolerate cool temperatures.
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Pat feels she doesn't have enough heat or light for this plant to bloom.
- ORSV/CyMV negative.
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
Rhyncholaeliocattleya
Mariah Crawford's Merriment
(one parent) For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Rhyncholaeliocattleya
Sachiko Tsugawa
(one parent) For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
042 Coelogyne Janine Banks 'Snow White' HCC/AOS
- Beautiful hybrid of Coelogyne mooreana and Coelogyne flaccida
- Grow in shaded to dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Increase water in spring as new grow begins. The plant should not be allowed to completely dry while actively growing but don't let it get soggy. Gradually reduce water as autumn approaches and plant slows down. PAT SAYS this plant can be grown outdoors. Protect from winter rain and frost. Also- remember she lives in Oakland.
- ORSV/CyMV negative.
- Blooms sporadically throughout the year.
- THIS PLANT HAS 4 NEW SHOOTS.
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Plant for auction
043 Coelogyne Janine Banks 'Snow White' HCC/AOS
- Beautiful hybrid of Coelogyne mooreana and Coelogyne flaccida
- Grow in shaded to dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Increase water in spring as new grow begins. The plant should not be allowed to completely dry while actively growing but don't let it get soggy. Gradually reduce water as autumn approaches and plant slows down. Henry grows this plant outside in San Ramon. Protect from winter rain and frost. Also- remember she lives in Oakland.
- ORSV/CyMV negative.
- Blooms sporadically throughout the year.
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Plant for auction
divided June 2025
044 Disa Veitchii
- Primary hybrid of Disa uniflora and Disa racemosa. Both species parents are native to South Africa. They are terrestrial orchids common along streams, near waterfalls and in seepages. THESE PLANTS ARE ALWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH PERMANENT, FLOWING WATER.
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water quality is critical. If you have high levels of dissolved solids (we are talking about you CCWD!), it is best to water with rain water or distilled water. Pat keeps her plants in a shallow dish of water. Plants should never be allowed to dry out.
- ORSV/CyMV negative.
- Blooms summer
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Plant for auction
045 Disa Veitchii
- Primary hybrid of Disa uniflora and Disa racemosa. Both species parents are native to South Africa. They are terrestrial orchids common alon streams, near waterfalls and in seepages. THESE PLANTS ARE ALWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH PERMANENT, FLOWING WATER.
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water quality is critical. If you have high levels of dissolved solids (we are talking about you CCWD!), it is best to water with rain water or distilled water. Pat keeps her plants in a shallow dish of water. Plants should never be allowed to dry out.
- ORSV/CyMV negative.
- Blooms summer
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Plant for auction
046 Rhyncholaeliocattleya Apricot Circle
- Hybrid registered by Ron Midgett (2022) Hybrid of Rhyncholaeliocattleya Apricot Sands and Cattleya Circle of Life. Pat got this plant from Mitch Schneider of New Earth Orchids.
- Grow in dappled light light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Mature plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Pat feels she doesn't have enough heat or light for this plant to bloom.
- ORSV/CyMV negative.
Donor: Pat Bacchetti
Rhyncholaeliocattleya
Apricot Sands(one parent)
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Cattleya Circle of Life
(one parent) For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
047 Bulbophyllum lepidum
- Species native to India, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, peninsular Malasia, Cambodia, Vietnam and Indonesia at relatively low elevations.
- Huge, overgrown plant in a 6" clay pot. IN BLOOM (7 spikes)!
- Grow in shaded light and hot temperatures (75-85°F at night). This plant requires regular watering and high humidity.
- Blooms throughout the year.
- Eileen grows this in her greenhouse in Vallejo.
Donor: Eileen Jackson
048 Cattlianthe Sue Fordyce-Darden
- Beautiful Fordyce hybrid. Cattleya Circle of Life x Cattlianthe Gregory Tyrone Darden
- This plant is from a flask obtained from Frank Fordyce August 2010.
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- 4" pot, plant 15" tall. 2 new growths.
- Repotted October 2020
- Bloomed last September 2025
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Ted and Nancy McClellan
Sibling- very similar to plant for auction
049 Cattleya Floralia's Azul 'Sandra' AM/AOS
- Cattleya Memoria Jack Hayden x Cattleya walkeriana
- Obtained from Gold Country Orchids
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and warm temperatures (66-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- 8" pot, plant 15" tall. 2 new growths.
- Repotted May 2022. NEEDS TO BE REPOTTED
- Bloomed last summer 2025
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Ted and Nancy McClellan
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
050 Polystachya clareae
- Species native to east central Madagascar in humid evergreen forests.
- Obtained from Marnie Turkel.
- Grow in dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- 4.5" pot, plant 10" tall. 3 new growths. All bloomed this year
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Ted and Nancy McClellan
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
051 Cattleya Lake Tahoe 'High Sky' AM/AOS
- 2003 hybrid from Gold Country Orchids (Cattleya Floralia's Azul x Cattleya sincorana)
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- 6"" pot, plant 10" tall.
- 2 FLOWERS AND 4 EMERGING BUDS ON 6 NEW LEADS
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Ted and Nancy McClellan
The plant for auction
052 Cattleya Cosmo-Hiroto
- Obtained September 2011 from Carter & Holmes (Cattleya walkeriana x Cattleya Snow Blind)
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Plant size 8.5" x 6.75", 18" tall.
- 15 pseudobulbs, 2 leads
- Planted in wine corks, last repotted June 2023.
- Last bloomed 2024
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Ted and Nancy McClellan
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
053 Rhyncattleanthe Fordyce Delight 'Grass Valley' HCC/AOS
- Obtained August 2007 at a DVOS picnic and auction (Rhyncattleanthe Fordyce Fantasy x Cattleya Mahalo Jack)
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- 6" pot, plant 16" high
- 15 pseudobulbs, 1 FLOWER, 1 BUD
- Divided September 2023
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025
Donor: Ted and Nancy McClellan
The plant for auction
054 Greenhouse
- ~ 8 ft x 10 ft greenhouse with benches.
- Located near Northgate High School (425 Castle Rock Rd, Walnut Creek)
- Must pick up and move
- Donor: The Thomas R and Mary Lou Bell Estate.
055 Bulbophyllum fascinator var corazonae
- Species native to peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo and the Philippines in forests at ~330 ft above sea level
- Grow in shade to dappled light and warm to hot temperatures (66-85°F at night).
- Keep plant moist
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
056 Cymbidium Hybrid (Cymbidium Atalanta 'Gyserland' 4N x Cymbidium sinense v. album 'Gyserland' 4N)
- Interesting Cymbidium hybrid
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool temperatures 58-66°F at night).
- Keep plant moist. Do not allow plant to dry out between waterings.
- This plant can grow outdoors in the bay area. Protecto from frost and rain in the winter
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
Cymbidium Atalanta
(one parent)
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
Cymbidium sinense v album (one parent)
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
057 Dendrobium lindleyi (syn. Dendrobium aggregatum)
- Beautiful Dendrobium species widspead across southeast Asia at elevations from 1650 to 4600 feet above sea level.
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures 58-75°F at night).
- Keep plant moist while actively growing but gradually reduce water after new growth mature in autumn.
- Blooms in spring.
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
058 Dendrobium NoID
- Maybe Dendrobium tetragonum x Dendrobium kingianum? BONUS mystery Dendrobium on the mount!
- Grow in shaded to dappled light and cool to warm temperatures 58-75°F at night).
- Keep plant moist. Never allow them to dry out completely
- Blooms in spring.
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
059 Masdevallia coccinea 'Royal Purple'
- Beautiful species native to Columbia.
- Grow in shaded light and cool temperatures 58-66°F at night).
- Keep plant evenly moist year-round with only slight drying between waterings.
- Blooms in spring/summer.
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
060 Masdevallia Redwing 'Judy'
- Beautiful primary hybrid (Masdevallia infracta x Masdevallia coccinea)
- Grow in shaded light and cool temperatures 58-66°F at night).
- Keep plant evenly moist year-round with only slight drying between waterings.
- Blooms in spring/summer.
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
061 Myoxanthus NoID
- Diverse genus native to Central and South Amercia.
- Plant is healthy but has recently been sun burned.
- Because species is unknown, we can not give cultural reccomendations BUT- remember, Mara lives in Oakland.
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
062 Rhyncholaelia digbyana ('MAJ x Mrs. Chase')
- Species native to southeast Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala and Belize growing in hot, humid lowlands near sea level.
- Grow in dappled light and warm temperatures (66-75°F at night).
- Plant should be watered heavily while actively growing but allowed to become relatively dry between waterings.
- Blooms summer
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
Rhyncholaelia digyana
Mrs. Chase' AM/AOS
(one of the parents)
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
063 Stanhopea wardii
- Species native to southern Central America and northern South America
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant should be watered heavily while actively growing but must dry fairly rapidly. Water should be reduced in late autumn after new growths have matured.
- Blooms summer/fall
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
064 Zygopetalum NoID
- Unknown member of the Zugopetalum alliance.
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant should be watered heavily while actively growing just as plant begins to dry out. Water should be reduced in late autumn after new growths have matured.
- This plant might be able to grow outdoors in the bay area if protected from frost and winter rains.
Donor: Mara Kauffman-Puchall
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
065 Cattleya Izzy
- Primary hybrid of Cattleya guttata and Cattleya tenebrosa.
- Divided May 2025. Blooming NOW.
- 8" pot.
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Often blooms twice a year.
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2024.
Donor: Jan Danciger
The plant for auction
066 Lycaste Rakuhoku
- Hybrid of Lycaste Auburn and Lycaste Shoalhaven (75% Lycaste virginalis)
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water heavily while actively growing.
- Blooms multiple times a year
- ORSV/CyMV negative February 2023
Donor: Diane Bond
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
067 Gastrophaius Dan Rosenberg 'Tropic Ice' HCC/AOS (syn Phaius Dan Rosenberg 'Tropic Ice HCC/AOS)
- Primary hybrid of Phaius tankervilleae and Gastrorchis tuberculosa
- LARGE plant (ruler in photos is 1 ft).
- Grow in shaded to bright indirect light and cool to hot temperatures (58-85°F at night).
- Water regularly. The medium should stay wet but not soggy.
- ORSV/CyMV negative May 2024
Donor: Diane Bond
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
068 Masdevallia Prince Charming 'Florizel'
- Primary hybrid of Masdevallia angulata and Masdevallia veitchiana
- LARGE plant (ruler in photos is 1 ft). Many blooms, many buds.
- Grow in shaded to dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water just as medium starts to dry out
- ORSV/CyMV negative November 2024
Donor: Diane Bond
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
069 Oncidesa Jiuhbao Gold (syn Oncidium Jiuhbao Gold)
- Beautiful hybrid in the Oncidium alliance with HUGE flowers 2" wide. It can have up to 12 flowers on each branching spike.
- 3" pot
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Blooms in spring or fall
Donor: Diana Vavrek
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
070 Oncidesa Jiuhbao Gold (syn Oncidium Jiuhbao Gold)
- Beautiful hybrid in the Oncidium alliance with HUGE flowers 2" wide. It can have up to 12 flowers on each branching spike.
- 3" pot
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Blooms in spring or fall
Donor: Diana Vavrek
For reference only
Not the plant at auction
The plant for auction
071 Prosthechea mariae
- Native to Mexico. Found in dry oak forest of the mountains in northeastern Mexico at eoevations of 3300- 4000 ft above sea level.
- Mounted
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
- Blooms summer.
Donor: Yunor Peralta
Examples of the plant for auction
072 Laelia albida
- Species widely distributed in the mountains of western Mexico. Found in oak an juniper forests at elevations of 4600-7750 ft above sea level.
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Dramatically reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
- Blooms in winter/spring
Donor: Yunor Peralta
The plant for auction
073 Dendrobium parvulum
- Species native to Figi, New Guinea, Sulawesi, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Found on mossy, horizontal branches of mist forests at elevations from 1950- 8700 ft above sea level.
- Mounted
- Grow in dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Keep moist but not soggy.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
- Blooms on and off throughout the year.
Donor: Yunor Peralta
The plant for auction
074 Cattleya purpurata sanguinea 'Hot Nights' AM/AOS
- Species native to Brazil. Once found in a large range in coastal plan and swampy areas at low elevation but now due to overcollection, only found in VERY high trees.
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
- Blooms insummer
Donor: Diana Vavrek
The plant for auction
075 Laelia speciosa
- Native to Mexico. Plants are found over a wide area of the central plateau and surrounding highlands. They grow on oak trees in open, dry, deciduous, stunted forests at 6250-8200 ft above sea level. The habitat experiences severe drought from December-June.
- This plant prefers dappled light and cool to war temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Drastically reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
Donor: Yunor Peralta
Sibling of the plant for auction
076 Laelia speciosa
- Native to Mexico. Plants are found over a wide area of the central plateau and surrounding highlands. They grow on oak trees in open, dry, deciduous, stunted forests at 6250-8200 ft above sea level. The habitat experiences severe drought from December-June.
- This plant prefers dappled light and cool to war temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Drastically reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
Donor: Yunor Peralta
Sibling of the plant for auction
077 Laelia speciosa
- Native to Mexico. Plants are found over a wide area of the central plateau and surrounding highlands. They grow on oak trees in open, dry, deciduous, stunted forests at 6250-8200 ft above sea level. The habitat experiences severe drought from December-June.
- This plant prefers dappled light and cool to war temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Drastically reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
- Donor: Yunor Peralta
Sibling of the plant for auction
078 Laelia speciosa
- Native to Mexico. Plants are found over a wide area of the central plateau and surrounding highlands. They grow on oak trees in open, dry, deciduous, stunted forests at 6250-8200 ft above sea level. The habitat experiences severe drought from December-June.
- This plant prefers dappled light and cool to war temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Drastically reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
Donor: Yunor Peralta
Sibling of the plant for auction
079 Cattleya jonngehana
- Very rare species native to Brazil. Found on mountain slopes at elevations of 4250- 5250 ft above sea level. Plants are attached to trees that grow in the bottom of steep rocky gulches. These gulches always have some water in them.
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water frequently while actively growing but allow roots to dry out between waterings. Reduce water in autumn after new growths have matured.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
- Blooms spring.
- Donor: Yunor Peralta.
The plant for auction
080 Laelia anceps
- Species native to Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras
- Grow in cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night). Laelia anceps can grow outdoors in the bay area when acclimatized. Protect from frost and rain in the winter.
- Grow in bright indirect light.
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Yunor grows this plant outdoors, protected in Castro Valley.
- Blooms in late winter/ spring.
- Donor: Yunor Peralta.
081 Coelogyne muliflora
- Species native to Sulawesi. Found growing on old forest trees at the summit of Mt Mahawo (~4000 ft above sea level).
- 10 pseudobulbs, 2 new leads.
- Repotted October 2024.
- Grow in dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plants should be kept moist but not soggy.
- Blooms fall/winter
- Donor: Tom Pickford
For Reference only
Not the plant for auction
For Reference only
Not the plant for auction
082 Coelogyne lawerenceana 'Encinal Warrior' AM/AOS
- Species native to Vietnam growing on the west side of Mt Lang-Pian at an elevation of about 8200 ft above sea level.
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Plant should be kept moist but not soggy.
- Repotted October 2024. 2 new leads.
- Blooms spring
- Donor: Tom Pickford
The mother plant
For reference only
Not the plant for auction
083 Coelogyne pandurata
- Species native to Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo and the Philippines. They generally grow on old trees by rivers near the coast or in hot, damp swampy lowlands.
- Grow in bright indirect light and hot temperatures (75-85°F at night).
- This plant is in a 5" welsh pot and has new leads.
- Repotted October 2024.
- Allow plants to become almost dry between waterings but never allow to be completely dry
- Blooms in late spring/summer
- Donor: Tom Pickford
The mother plant
For reference only
Not the plant for auction
084 Gongora galeata
- Species native to southern Mexico. Found mainly on slopes facing the Gulf of Mexico in mountain rainforests and cloud forests at elevations of 1950-5900 feet above sea level.
- IN BLOOM!
- Grow in dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms late summer/fall but can have less vigorous blooms any time of the year.
- Repotted January 2025.
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025.
- Donor: Tom Pickford
The mother plant
For reference only
not the plant at auction
085 Cattleya lobata (tipo)
- Species native to southeast Brazil. They grow near Rio de Janeiro on vertical east-facing cliffs at elevations of 700-2600 feet above sea level. They are exposed to strong winds and almost full sun but the roots are protected in rock crevices.
- Grow in bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Repotted October 2024.
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025.
- Blooms spring/early summer.
- Donor: Tom Pickford.
The mother plant
086 Cattleya Irene Finney
- Beautiful complex hybrid
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night). It may tolerate hot temperatures.
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Repotted Spetember 2024.
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025.
- Blooms in spring.
- Donor: Tom Pickford
The mother plant
087 Maxillaria meleagris (red form)
- Species native to Mexico and Guatemala. Found in rain forests at elevations of 1500- 2450 feet above sea level.
- Grow in dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Blooms sporadically thorough out the year.
- Repotted January 2025.
- ORSV/CyMV negative September 2025.
- Donor: Tom Pickford
088 Gomesa recurva
- Species native to Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay.
- Fragrant.
- Grow in dappled light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water in cooler weather.
- Repotted January 2025.
- Blooms spring/summer
- Donor: Tom Pickford
For reference only
not the plant for auction
For reference only
not the plant for auction
089 Stanhopea oculata
- Species native to Central and South America
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Water often when actively growing but always allow the roots to dry out quickly. Reduce water dramatically in cooler weather.
- Repotted January 2025.
- Blooms summer/early fall
- Donor: Tom Pickford
The mother plant
090 Enanthleya hybrid
- A FRANK FORDYCE HYBRID
- Enanthlaya (syn Epicattleya) Joseph Romans 'Roman Holiday' AM/AOS x Cattleya Simplicity 'In the Pink'
- Compact growth habit
- Usually blooms on every growth
- Spicy fragrance
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Donor: Diana Vavrek
091 Cattleya Mini Purple x self
- A selfing of primary hybrid Cattleya Mini Purple (Cattleya pumila x Cattleya walkeriana).
- IN BLOOM.
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Donor: Chen-Hao Hsu
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
092 Rhynchobrassoleya hybrid
- A hybrid of Brassocattleya Walter August 'Pink Freckles and Rhyncholaeliocattleya Bengal Baby 'Golden Leopard'
- IN BLOOM.
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Donor: Chen-Hao Hsu
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
093 Rhyncholaeliocattleya Connie Benoleil Rock
- A hybrid from Sunset Valley Orchids. Cattleya Virginia Dickey c Rhyncholaeliocattleya Lebenkreis.
- IN BLOOM.
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Plant MUST dry out between waterings.
- Donor: Chen-Hao Hsu
The plant for auction
The plant for auction
094 Notylia species flask
- A flask of Notylia species seedlings.
- Species native to Mexico, Central and South America and Trinidad.
- Member of the Oncidium alliance.
- Pendant, multiflower inflorescences.
- Grow in dappled to bright indirect light and cool to warm temperatures (58-75°F at night).
- Mature plants like to be mounted and kept moist but allowed to dry rapidly after watering.
- Donor: Chen-Hao Hsu
The flask for auction
Notylia trisepala
EXAMPLE ONLY
unknown species
Notylia longispicta
EXAMPLE ONLY
unknown species