Engineering Careers

Both Engineering and Engineering Technology careers involve the application of technical skills and principles, but they differ in focus, education, and scope of work. While both fields are crucial to the engineering discipline, engineers tend to focus on theoretical and design aspects, whereas engineering technologists are more involved in practical application and implementation of technology.

1. Education and Training:

• Engineering:

  • Degree: Typically requires a Bachelor’s degree in Engineering (e.g., Civil, Mechanical, Electrical) from an accredited program. Some roles may require advanced degrees (Master's or Ph.D.).
  • Curriculum: Emphasizes theoretical principles, advanced mathematics, and problem-solving strategies. Engineering programs often involve extensive coursework in subjects like differential equations, thermodynamics, and materials science.

• Engineering Technology:

  • Degree: Generally involves a Bachelor’s degree in Engineering Technology (e.g., Mechanical Engineering Technology, Electrical Engineering Technology) or an Associate’s degree for some roles.
  • Curriculum: Focuses more on practical applications and hands-on skills. Coursework is often more oriented towards implementing and applying existing technologies rather than developing new theories.

2. Focus and Approach:

• Engineering:

  • Focus: Engineers are often involved in designing and creating new systems, structures, or products. They work on the theoretical aspects of engineering problems and focus on innovation and research.
  • Approach: They use fundamental principles of math and science to solve complex problems, often involving theoretical analysis and model development.

• Engineering Technology:

  • Focus: Engineering technologists typically work on implementing, testing, and maintaining existing technologies. They apply engineering principles to practical problems and focus on the applied aspects of engineering.
  • Approach: They often work with hands-on projects, using existing technologies to solve problems efficiently and effectively. Their work is more focused on application rather than theory.

3. Job Roles and Responsibilities:

• Engineering:

  • Roles: Engineers might work as design engineers, research engineers, or systems engineers. They may be involved in R&D, high-level problem solving, and the development of new technologies.
  • Responsibilities: Responsibilities can include designing systems or components, conducting research, and analyzing data to ensure that designs meet specific criteria and standards.

• Engineering Technology:

  • Roles: Engineering technologists might work as field engineers, project managers, or technical specialists. Their work often involves the implementation and maintenance of engineering solutions.
  • Responsibilities: They may oversee the installation of systems, perform testing and quality assurance, and ensure that technologies are operating correctly.

4. Professional Licensure:

• Engineering:

  • Engineers often pursue Professional Engineer (PE) licensure, which requires passing the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam, gaining work experience, and passing the Principles and Practice of Engineering (PE) exam.

• Engineering Technology:

  • Engineering technologists can obtain certification or licensure in specific fields, but PE licensure is typically not required or emphasized. Certifications might include titles like Certified Engineering Technician (CET) or similar credentials.

5. Career Outlook and Opportunities:

• Engineering:

  • Engineers might have more opportunities in research, development, and higher-level design positions. They often work in a wider range of industries, including advanced research and development roles.

• Engineering Technology:

  • Engineering technologists often have strong job prospects in practical, applied positions. Their work is crucial in sectors where implementation and operational efficiency are key.

• Projected Employment
• Typical Wages
• Education, Certifications, Licensure & Apprenticeships
• Activities, Knowledge, Abilities & Skills
• Related Occupations

Starting a career in engineering while you're still in high school is a great idea, and there are several ways to get a head start:

1. Take Relevant Courses: Focus on math and science classes, as these are fundamental to engineering. Advanced courses in subjects like calculus, physics, and computer science will be especially beneficial.

2. Participate in STEM Activities: Join clubs or teams related to engineering or technology, such as robotics clubs, science fairs, or math leagues. These activities can provide hands-on experience and help you develop problem-solving skills.

3. Seek Internships or Shadowing Opportunities: Look for internships or job-shadowing opportunities with local engineering firms or professionals. Even short-term experiences can give you valuable insights into the field.

4. Explore Online Resources and Courses: There are many online platforms that offer courses in engineering and related subjects. Websites like Coursera, edX, and Khan Academy can help you learn more and build skills outside of the classroom.

5. Work on Personal Projects: Start your own projects or engage in DIY engineering challenges. Building things, coding, or experimenting with electronics can be a great way to apply what you’ve learned and showcase your skills.

6. Consider Summer Programs: Look for summer programs or camps focused on engineering or STEM fields. Many universities and organizations offer programs specifically designed for high school students.

7. Network with Professionals: Connect with engineers through school events, local meetups, or online communities. Networking can provide guidance, mentorship, and potentially lead to opportunities for hands-on experience.

• Enroll in a state-approved Career Tech Education (CTE) Program - To get started talk with your school counselor and review your school’s course guide to explore availability and enrollment requirements. Consider courses in Business, Web Design, Graphic Design, Art, Information Technology, and audio/video technology.

• Check out this resource to see which CTE (Career Technical Education programs) your school district offers

For over 40 years SmithGroup's Detroit office has run an Exploring Post program that provides high school students with the opportunity to "explore" the architectural and engineering professions while participating in hands-on activities alongside professional architects and engineers.

Check here for updates on upcoming workshops for high school students.

Community colleges are a great place to start your career in Engineering. Whether studying a hands-on Engineering Technology program or Pre-Engineering with intention of transferring to a university, community colleges offer multiple ways to begin your education in this pathway. Research the programs below by reviewing required classes and how they'll prepare you for your future career.

FAFSA Code: 002270

FAFSA Code: 002315

FAFSA Code: 009230

FAFSA Code: 008906

FAFSA Code: 002294

FAFSA Code: 002303

FAFSA Code: 002328

Most universities offer engineering programs. Typically those programs begin with a year of general engineering classes before determining your major of choice. Read through university program pages as some may have different specialties & concentrations (Mechanical, Electrical, Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, among others). Here are a few university programs in Michigan to explore:

FAFSA Code: 002259

FAFSA Code: 002260

FAFSA Code: 002268

FAFSA Code: 002279

FAFSA Code: 002290

FAFSA Code: 002292

FAFSA Code: 002307

FAFSA Code: 002329

• Civil Engineering
• Electrical Engineering
• Engineering Technology
• Environmental Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering

1. Obtain FSA ID
2. Complete the FAFSA Form
3. Add the FAFSA school code

• 1-2-3 approach to paying for college
• Comparing financial aid offers

• Decoding financial aid offers

The Best Engineering Scholarships

Sallie Mae - Top Scholarships for Engineering

Scholarships for Women in STEM

Search University-specific Scholarships - Example

This document includes just a sample of programs available in the Metro-Detroit area. Remember to check websites for program offerings. Your school’s career exploration tools will also highlight a variety of related careers and education and training institutions.

References: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook

Note: Inclusion of a program in our database does not indicate an endorsement by Wayne RESA. The database is for informational purposes only.

Department of Workforce Development, CTE, Adult Ed and Career Counseling