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Using Other Sources in Research

Quotes, Paraphrases & Citations

Using Other Sourcesin ResearchQuotes, Paraphrases & Citations

ANYTHING ELSE IS THE SAME AS STEALING.

When writing a research paper, even though you technically gathered the information and put it in your own words, IT IS STILL SOMEONE ELSE’S INFORMATION. They performed experiments, studies, interviews and more. You are using that work, and

so you must give credit to the person who completed that work.


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PARAPHRASING

When you paraphrase a source, you use your own words to restate someone else’s ideas and information. THERE IS A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SUMMARIZING AND PARAPHRASING!! Paraphrases do not use quotation marks.

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QUOTING

When you quote a source, you use not only the author’s ideas and information, but also their exact words to express that information. Quotations use quotation marks (“”) to indicate that someone else said it first.

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CITING

You need to provide citations for BOTH paraphrases and quotations-citations are not optional!

What is plagiarism? What is plagiarism?

Types of plagiarism include: Types of plagiarism include:

And remember: And remember:

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YOU MUST GIVE CREDIT BOTH WAYS!

There are two different kinds of citations: internal and end.

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Internal Citations

These are brief citations included in the actual essay to give immediate credit to the source of your facts.

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End Citations

These are citations that have more details & are listed in a very specific format in alphabetical order on the Works Cited page at the end of the essay.

How do I create internal citations?

When you paraphrase....


After completing your thoughts put the citation in parentheses at the end of the

sentence followed by a period. You can use any of the following as your citation:

•The author’s last name

•The article’s name

•The website’s name

•The website’s URL


If the whole paragraph is paraphrased from the same source, you only need two citations-one in the middle of the paragraph and one at the end.

When you quote directly from the text.....

After you have written

the quote into your essay:

1.Put quotation marks at the end of the statement.

2.In parentheses put your citation.

3.Put the period to end the sentence after the parentheses.


Just like the paraphrases, you can use any of the following as your citation:

•The author’s last name

•The article’s name

•The website’s name

•The website’s URL


But what if I already know a fact? Do I still need to cite it?

Certain pieces of information fall into the category of common knowledge; these are

things that many people know or even things you already knew about your topic

before you began doing your research. You only need to cite information that you

learned through your research and is totally new to you.

JUST REMEMBER...

when you’re not sure whether or not you need a citation, put one in. Too many citations can be annoying. Not enough citations is a crime and can get you thrown out of college.

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