1. Task
   
2. Information Seeking Strategies
   
3. Location and Access to Credible Resources
   
4. Use of Information
   
5. Synthesis
   
6. Evaluation
   

Go to the website to learn more about how you can organize your research www.big6.org

Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Acynozl1LbQ&feature=youtu.be

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NHS Library Learning Commons Resources Access Information:

Homepage Address: NHS Library Page-Access all information from this Smore and a great deal of other resources as well on our Library Page!

1. Direct Access to Library Page: https://norwalkps.follettdestiny.com

2. Classlink Access to Library Page: Log into this district portal using your student username and password

Look for the NHS Lib Resource App. Some popular apps are listed in this portal
(CVOD, Gale Pages & Britannica). There is a wealth of other library resources that can

be found in our Library catalog. Select the Destiny Follett-Library Catalog app!

3. NHS Page Access to Library Page: Go to nhs.norwalkps.org Under NHS Resources (at the top) or the Quick Links (on left panel of page)

Please notify me if your are experiencing any problems with this resource at paytonw@norwalkps.org

PLEASE NOTE:

Some databases may ask for a username and password: Username: norwalklib Password: bears (all lowercase)

Some resources my require you to use a public library card: Norwalk Public Library and Research It CT--access online library card application at www.norwalkpl.org

All of the resources listed above can be found on our library catalog.

https://norwalkps.follettdestiny.com

To access library databases and Internet resources select the "Home" Tab

To access library print resources select the "Catalog" Tab

Some of our databases may require you to log in. If so, use the following log in credentials:

All Databases can be accessed with the following information:

Username: norwalklib

password: bears

Access Library Databases here. The links are live and therefore once selected will hyperlink you to the resources.

• Access this resource on our Library Catalog page: through the link https://norwalkps.follettdestiny.com or through Classlink
• Under the "Catalog" tab, select Webpath Express from the left navigation panel.
• Do a search to access credible websites

Locate this resource from the left panel under the "Catalog" tab on the library page

Access: library books, websites and open educational resources here!

Request it CT is a state database filled with specialized databases that cover just about every area of education. This database can be accessed from school and home

• Select High School from the side left panel
• Search the entire database all at once using the One Search feature or click on individual databases

This resource will require you to log in using your public library card to gain full access. Due to our current unfortunate circumstance (COVID19) the organization may waive this requirement.

www.researchitct.org

http://school.eb.com/levels/high

Access information relevant and credible information at the elementary, middle and high school levels. This easy to use digital encyclopedia offers many resources like articles, journal articles, primary resources, clipart, videos, evaluated websites, etc. There are onboard reference tools like dictionaries. Citations are included and article can be exported to your email, etc. Articles can be translated to other languages and can be read to you as well. Find information in just about any subject area here!. :

http://school.eb.com

Access resources from the Norwalk Public Library! You will need a CT public library card to access the databases! Click the link below to access an online application to take advantage of these wonderful resources!

Find databases in every subject area, learn how to speak another language, access homework help, reading clubs, financial literacy, and more!

Click on Link Below:

www.norwalkpl.org

Go to "Resources" on the top menu bar

Go to "Alphabetical Databases & Internet Resources Lists"

We are living in a world where information has been compromised. We live in an era where you hear jargon like "fake news!" We once obtained information from credible and reputable resources like from trustworthy publishers, textbook companies, libraries, government research, local newspaper, etc. Today the amount of information we consume daily can be overwhelming and not necessarily reliable. Today we have to worry more about where information is coming from, because anyone can be an author on the Internet. We have to fact check online resources by using web evaluation tools like RADCAB, CRAAP Test, etc. Where things like credibility, relevancy, currency, appropriateness and authorship are tested.

FYI: Diversify your resources and measure your resources against each other to also help with determining credibility.

FYI: Also access our library databases and Webpath Express (credible search engine) to access resources that have already been evaluated and provides you with citations as well as other useful research tools.

Is the source related to my topic?

• Is the information written for me (my population)?
  
• Can I read it with little to no difficulty?
  
• Should I read I read it?
  

Look for details that can help you determine the credibility of the resource like:

• Supporters: Sponsors or affiliations -We often judge people by the folks they hang around
  
• Contact Us or About Us or Follow Us-Good sites want the online consumer to know who they are. If you cannot find information about the author a red flag should go up or a caution light!
  
• Are the links live-well maintained websites will not have broken or obsolete links
  
• Are there pictures, images, captions, graphs, charts, tables, etc to support reported information?
  
• Can you easily search the site?
• Can you read the provided information? Does the information flow?
• Is the site organized?
• Does the site provide me with a wide scope of information (look for headings, table of contents, external links, etc).

Locate when the website or article was published or last updated

Publishing or Copyright Date: You can find this information at the very bottom of the website

Article Publishing Date: Can be found usually after the title of the article

Determine how current you need for your resource to be. For example:

• I am researching information about Benjamin Franklin-Can I use a 1997 resource?
  
• I am research stem cell research-Can I use a 1997 resource?
  

Explain why?

• Find out who the author is. It can be an individual or group of people (organization)
  
• Learn about the author by locating information in the "About Us," "Contact Us," or "Follow Us" sections of the site
  
• It is important to determine who the author is, because we have to find out if that author is credible and determine if he, she or they should be providing us with information. As we know, there are no cyberpolice on the Internet directing online consumers to credible resources. Remember anyone can create a website.
  
• If you do not analyze anything else about a web resource, find out information about the author(s).

In order to determine bias, you will have to read and understand an article or website thoroughly. You will have to take out your binoculars to really hone in on information being provided.

• Is the information one sided?-coming from one perspectives
  
• Listen to tone
  
• Is the information written well?
  
• Is the author providing facts or just opinions?
  
• Have you come across language like I think, I like, I love, I believe, etc?
  
• What is the author's intent? Is he, she or they trying to sell, persuade, educate or inform us about something?

Finding out who the author is will help with determining bias. Also examine the more popular top level domains (.com, .org, .edu, .gov, .net, etc) to learn more about the audience that the author is attempting to reach.

1. Book:

Citation:

Last name, First name MI. Title. Publisher, Publishing date or Copyright date.

Citation Creation:

Danson, Lee M. Tears for Fears. Argo for Young Readers, 2019.

Book: Citation with 2 authors

Danson, Lee M., and Gloria Taylor. Tears for Fears. Argo for Young Readers, 2019.

Book: Citation with 2 or more authors

Danson, Lee M., et al. Tears for Fears. Argo for Young Readers, 2019.

2. Newspaper:

Citation:

Ruis, Kurt. "The Last Mall in America.” Pawprint [Norwalk], 20 Dec. 2019, pp. 22-33.

Citation Creation:

Last name, First name. “Title of News Article." Name of Newspaper. DMY of

..............Publication, first page-last page.

***If the newspaper does not have the town included in the title put it in brackets after the title

***The dotted line is just there to show you that any part to the entry that goes beyond the first line must be indented. This is called a Hanging Indent.

3. Website:

Citation:

Holland, Beth. “21st-Century Libraries: The Learning Commons.” Edutopia, George Lucas

.............Educational Foundation, 14 Jan. 2015,

------------www.edutopia.org/blog/21st-century-libraries-learning-commons-beth-holland.

Citation Creation:

Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Website. Publisher, Publishing Date (DMY), URL.

4. Magazine:

Citation:

Vick, Karl. “Escaping the Trench.” Time, vol. 5, no. 2, Dec. 2020, pp. 38-40.

Citation Creation:

Last name, First name. “Article title.” Name of Magazine, vol., no., Publication date (MY),

...........page-page.

5. Journal: Scholarly, Peer Reviewed or Refereed

Citation:

Cottontail, Peter E. “The Extinction of Bunnies Today: The Beginning.” A Peculiar
Smell Journal, vol. 8, no.3, 2018, pp. 30-38.

Citation Creation:

Last name, First name. “Title.” Title of Journal, vol., no., year, pp. first page-last page.

6. Image:

Citation:

LePue, Pepe S. “Black and White.” People Beware, Digital Publishing, 2018.

-------------www.skunksareus.org.

Citation Creation:

Creator’s Last name, First name. “Title of the digital image.” Title of the website, First name

------------Last name of any contributors, Version (if applicable), Number (if applicable), Publisher,

------------Publication date (DMY), URL.

FYI: Any part of the citation that goes beyond the first line must be indented. The authors should be very visible looking at a work cited page in the MLA format.

Changes in MLA 8:

• No longer use medium or source format like web or print at the end of a citation entry
• Commas are used after the title.
  
• DOIs are used when available instead of web addresses or URLs.
  
• Commas are used instead of periods between the publisher, date and page(s)
  
• vol. and no. are used for an easier reading- previous: 5(7) current: vol. 5, no. 7
• page numbers are represented by p. for one page and pp. for more than one page. p. 15 or pp. 24-39

A Work Cited page is a listing of all the resources you used in your research paper. Your work cited page will follow the MLA writing system format.

Make sure the Work Cited page:

• Arranged in alphabetical order by the author's last name
• If the author is not listed start with the title, but remember to ignore articles like A, An and The
• Hanging Indent: Anytime a citation goes beyond the first line any succeeding line must be indented
• "Work Cited" should be center, but do not underline or put in bold letters
• Doubled spaced (no extra base between the heading "Work Cited"
• Times New Roman (Arial or Helvetica- Your teacher's choice)
• One inch border all around
• Last name and Page Number in Heading 1/2 from the top

______________________________________________________________________________________________

An Annotated Bibliography is

The word annotates means to take notes on a source. An annotated bibliography is a listing of all the resources you used in your research along with a paragraph or two that provides notes or brief information about the resource credibility and how the resource will be beneficial or used in your work. It consists of three parts: Citation, Summary of Article and Use of Article.

1. Summary of Article identifies the main points of the resource. It also provides information about who the author is and credibility of the source.

2. Use of Article provides information about how the article will be used in your paper, how will it be useful and beneficial to your research.

Your annotated bibliography...

• setup will be set up using the MLA format.
  
• exceed more than 150-200 words for your assignments.
• The annotation can be written into two parts or combined into one paragraph. See the set up below.
  

Why an annotated bibliography?

It requires the student to read the material more in-depth to determine relevancy, reliability, credibility and use. An annotated bibliography forces students to think more analytically and critically about a source.

Using notecard either print or digital is a strategic way to organized all of your collected information. This notecard technique requires you to have Source Cards and a Notecards.

Source Card: You will have one index card for each resource you gather information from and your citation information. Each Source Card will have a number that will be used when you begin collecting information on your Notecard. The Source Card will assist you at the end of your research when you have to create your work cited page.

Notecard: This index card will consist of the Source Card number, a category or topic, and your collected information.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

• MLA have set guidelines on how to refer to the works of others within your text:

Author-Page Number format

• These abbreviated citations lead the reader to find more detail information about your resources located on the Work Cited page.
  
• These abbreviated citations also let the reader know where your work begins and ends and where the work of others begins and ends.
  

Sample One:

Diabetes run in my family. It has consumed my father’s eye sight. I believe my dad’s loss of vision was caused by macular degeneration. I have known people who have had their toes or feet and even legs removed. I was told that this was the result of poor circulation that may have started out as tingling sensations. Every time I go to the doctor, she checks me for diabetes because it has become a part of my family’s history. I have learned that some early signs, of diabetes, include frequent urination, undying thirst, and numbing sensations. There are two types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2. It was brought to my attention that we must listen to the messages that come from our bodies to try to catch and control things early.

• It is written in the first person-Individual is expressing his or her own beliefs/opinions

• It is a personal account

• No expert evidence is offered

• Some of the information is hearsay or second hand information

Sample Two:

Diabetes is the body’s inability to respond or produce insulin which is necessary to regulate the intake of sugar and carbohydrates in our blood from the foods we eat (Encyclopedia Britannica 280). As stated by Miracle Doctors, there are two types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2 (32). One requires insulin injections while the other is controlled through diet and exercise (Miracle Doctors 720). Improper care, according to the World Health Organization, can cause, “… blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and lower limb amputation” (Printz 24). As reported by Miracle Doctors, in 2014, 8.5% of adults aged 18 years and older had diabetes and it is responsible for 1.6 million deaths (34). It is important that we pay close attention to the warning signs that our bodies give us.

• The individual is writing factual information about diabetes

• He or she is supporting information with evidence

• The individual has included expert information using in-text and parenthetical citations

• The individual quoted facts from their sources

• The individual provided data

Intext Citations:

• Are abbreviated or simple citations in your research that lets the reader know that your are introducing information from other resources.
  
• These citations are written in the author-page number format.
  
• These citations are introduced to the reader using signal phrases
• As stated by, As reported by, As refuted by, etc

Sample Two:

Diabetes is the body’s inability to respond or produce insulin which is necessary to regulate the intake of sugar and carbohydrates in our blood from the foods we eat (Encyclopedia Britannica 280). As stated by Miracle Doctors, there are two types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2 (32). One requires insulin injections while the other is controlled through diet and exercise (Miracle Doctors 720). Improper care, can cause, “… blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and lower limb amputation” (Printz 24). As reported by Miracle Doctors, in 2014, 8.5% of adults aged 18 years and older had diabetes and it is responsible for 1.6 million deaths (34). It is important that we pay close attention to the warning signs that our bodies give us.

• When you include the author in the text, the page number goes at the end to formulate the author-page number format
  

Example: As stated by Miracle Doctors, there are two types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2 (32)

Signal Phrase: As stated by

Followed by Author of the resource: Miracle Doctors

Page number goes at the end:(32)

You Do This One:

As reported by Miracle Doctors, in 2014, 8.5% of adults aged 18 years and older had diabetes and it is responsible for 1.6 million deaths (34).

Signal Phrase:

Followed by Author of the resource: Miracle Doctors

Page number goes at the end:(32)

Sample Two:

Diabetes is the body’s inability to respond or produce insulin which is necessary to regulate the intake of sugar and carbohydrates in our blood from the foods we eat (Encyclopedia Britannica 280). As stated by Miracle Doctors, there are two types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2 (32). One requires insulin injections while the other is controlled through diet and exercise (Miracle Doctors 720). Improper care can cause, “… blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and lower limb amputation” (Printz 24). As reported by Miracle Doctors, in 2014, 8.5% of adults aged 18 years and older had diabetes and it is responsible for 1.6 million deaths (34). It is important that we pay close attention to the warning signs that our bodies give us.

• Parenthetical Citations are used when you do not include the author in the text, but the author-page number format still must be used to credit the author's information.
  

Example:

Diabetes is the body’s inability to respond or produce insulin which is necessary to regulate the intake of sugar and carbohydrates in our blood from the foods we eat (Encyclopedia Britannica 280).

You Do This One:

Underline the parenthetical citation in this sentence:

Improper care can cause, “… blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and lower limb amputation” (Printz 24).

Public Domain: Information posted to the Internet

The Internet has made it easy to cut and paste resources from the Web. But we have to remember that just because images are posted on the Internet (Google Images, Yahoo Images, Flicker, Shutterstock, Creative Commons, etc), it does not always mean that they are free for you to use. Understand that images have rights too just like any other information that we use from online and other resources. Any image that you use must be cited to let the reader know that the image is not yours.

All images are copyrighted even if you do not see a copyright or trademark symbol. Any image that is not yours belongs to someone else. In order to use images created by others guidelines, instruction or information about how you can gain access and use the image may accompany the image once you click on the image. A company may ask you to sign up for an account, while others may ask you to pay a monthly or annual fee. An author may ask you to simply cite the image, while others may ask you to pay to download an image. Some authors may ask for more detailed information like how, when and where you plan on using their image.

Search for Royalty-Free Clipart on the Web:

Other options can include you using sites where they offer royalty-free clip art, which is clipart that you can use freely without any restrictions.You can also search for free resources on the Internet by typing keyword searches like, "free clipart" or "royalty free clipart"

Images Found on Databases:

Clipart, movies and images found in databases allow you to use these resources because they are included with the purchase of our school databases. You still have to cite the image and often times the citations are included with the image, in a database.

Paid Clipart:

Other alternative clipart resources include websites who offer images but will ask you to pay the images in order to download them. Many companies place transparent watermarks across their images to prevent online users from using their property without appropriate permission.

Avoid Copyright Issues Create Your Own:

It is best to use pictures that you have taken, drew, created or painted yourself.

You can also look for images in Google Images titled "Label for Reuse" which gives you permission to use images without restrictions. You will still have to cite the image by clicking on the image to gain access to the website, where the image in located, to collect the information needed to create your citation.

https://www.copyright.gov/fair-use/more-info.html

Section 107 of the Copyright Act:

Fair Use Laws provides a doctrine that allows an unlicensed user access to copyrighted materials. The framework below assists with examining and establishing if someone's work is being used fairly. Certain situations allow a user the freedom to use copyrighted work like those in education, commentators, analyst, critics, etc.

1. Purpose and character of the use, including whether the use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes: What and how will you be using the

copyrighted work? educational? purpose?, research?, commentary?, etc.

2. Nature of the copyrighted work: Does the use of the work contribute to creative

expression?

3. Amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole:

How much of the copyrighted work was used. Quantity and quality is examined here.

4.Effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work: Does

the use of the work impact the market value of the original work?

Music Infringement:

http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20190605-nine-most-notorious-copyright-cases-in-music-history

Verve

Beatles

John Fogerty

Biz Markie

Vanilla Ice

RobinThicke

Radio Head

Danger Mouse

2 Live Crew

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/31/arts/music/katy-perry-christian-rap-copyright.html

Katy Perry

https://variety.com/2018/biz/news/miley-cyrus-hit-with-300-million-lawsuit-alleging-copyright-infringement-listen-1202726433/

Miley Cyrus

Spotify:

https://techcrunch.com/2018/01/02/spotify-faces-1-6-billion-lawsuit-from-music-publisher-wixen/

Other Artist:

https://www.smoothradio.com/features/copyright-infringement-cases-music/

Photography Infringement:

https://www.pixsy.com/the-10-most-famous-copyright-cases-in-photography/

Photo lifted from Twitter

Photo lifted from a photographer portfolio and used illegally

Photo that have be altered

Photo that mimic the same pose

Photo that bear similar photo characteristics

Movie Infringement:

https://screenrant.com/movies-sued-being-rip-offs/

Indiana Jones

Hobbit

Avatar

Dark Knight

Frozen

Titanic

Finding Nemo

Django Unchained

Her

Ted

Purge

Disney Sues for Illegal Character Use:

https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/companies/disney-and-lucasfilm-sue-winter-garden-company-over-copyright-infringement/ar-AAK08SE

Disney's Group Act Quick on Infringement:

https://www.upcounsel.com/disney-trademark-infringement

Small business selling Disney character costumes

Company bearing the name Lightsaber Academy from Star Wars

Bakeries getting sued for creating Disney Characters on Cakes:

https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1997/12/29/235894/

10 Craziest Copyright Claims:

https://listverse.com/2018/07/15/top-10-craziest-copyright-claims-ever-made/

Coming soon!

Summarizing:A summary is a snapshot of an article. It usually highlights the main ideas and themes in the article. It is usually shorter than the actual text. A good way to summarize an article is to highlight or circle all the proper nouns, places and dates. Use those key terms to create your summary.

Paraphrasing:When you paraphrase, you are putting what you have read into your own words. We paraphrase a great deal when we are writing research papers. Any information that you paraphrase will still require you to cite the source. A great way to paraphrase an article is to read an article in parts or in its entirety and move the article from your sight and begin writing based on everything you can remember. Remember that changing a few words around here and there is not paraphrasing.

Using Quotes: When you are adding quotes to your work make sure you copy the quote verbatim or word for word. Write the quote exactly the way the author has written it. Quotation marks are added to the beginning and the end of the quote to let the reader know where your information stops and the information of your source begins and ends. Signal phrases can be used to introduce a quote.

More Advance Use of Quotes: You can use ellipses (...) to replace certain parts of a long quote or to create a natural writing flow from your wording to the quote for example:

According to the World Health International Institution, the people, "...who are not experiencing any symptoms of the flu are no less contagious than those individuals who are not asymptomatic."

School=Wide Primary Resource Lesson https://www.smore.com/93kr7

Smore: Dept Health & Science Resources https://www.smore.com/8zajg

Smore Dept of Social Studies https://www.smore.com/zr4ca

Smore: Dept English https://www.smore.com/aj8e7

Smore World Language https://www.smore.com/m73r8

Smore: Reading Resources Portal https://www.smore.com/cw67p

Ethical Use-MLA/APA, Using Quotations, Fair Use, Creative Commons, Citing, Copyright, Plagiarism, Work Cited, Annotated Bibliography, Intext & Parenthetical Citations, etc

Diversity of Resources: Databases, Primary Resources, Periodicals, Journal Articles, Magazines, Web Resources, Fiction, etc

Resource Evaluation: CRAPP or RADCAB

Location & Access of Information: Search strategies, Credible Search Engines, Use of Directories, Diversity of Resources, Online Resources, etc

Technology Integration: Web 2.0 (Prezi, Powtoons, Glogster, Animoto, Sway, EdPuzzle, Screencasify, Movie Maker, etc; Google Platform (Docs, Hangout, Sheets, Drive, Apps, Extensions, Ad-ons, etc), Microsoft Suite-(Publisher, Powerpoint, Word); Word Clouds, Timelines, Social Media, etc

Email: paytonw@norwalkps.org
Website: https://norwalkps.follettdestiny.com
Location: Library Media Center
Phone: 13239 13237
Twitter: @nhslibeary